SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Siddig, Khalid H.A.; Flaig, Dorothee; Luckmann, Jonas; Grethe, Harald.

This document describes the Israeli Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) for the year 2004, developed by the Agricultural and Food Policy Group at the University of Hohenheim. The SAM is a part of a larger research project which aims to analyse several economic, trade, and labour policies in the context of economic integration of agriculture between Israel and the West Bank. Data are obtained from various sources in Israel. Sources include the Israeli Central Bureau of Statistics (ICBS), the Central Bank of Israel (CBI), and the Israeli Tax Authority (ITA). Data from sources outside of Israel are used to fill-in some gaps in the domestic reports. External sources include the World Trade Organization (WTO), the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and...

A Dynamic Risk Optimization Model for Evaluating Profitable and Feasible Water Management Plans

Palavras-chave: SAM; IO Table; CGE; Database; Israel.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Labor and Human Capital; C6; C8; D1; D3; D5; D6; E2; E6; F1; F2; H2.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/110156

Grove, Bennie; Oosthuizen, L.K.; Backeberg, G.R..

Currently the South African government is advocating the cultivation of high valued crops and more efficient use of available water resources through the adoption o f more efficient irrigation technology and irrigation scheduling. A requirement of the National Water Act (Act 36 of 1998) is the compilation of water management plans. The main objective of this paper is to develop a multiperiod mathematical risk programming model able of assisting water user associations with the compilation of water management plans that are both profitable and feasible. Special care was taken to represent canal capacities and irrigation system application rates in the model. Risk simulation procedures are used to generate an appropriately correlated inter- and...

A Multifunctional Comparison of Conventional versus Alternative Olive Systems in Spain by Using AHP

Palavras-chave: Dynamic Linear Programming; Risk; Irrigation; Feasibility; South Africa; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; C6; Q15; Q12.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25554

Parra-Lopez, Carlos; Calatrava-Requena, Javier.

Sustainability of agriculture is strongly related to the multifunctional role implicitly or explicitly recognized to it in the framework of the European Union CAP. This multifunctional role entails a multicriteria approach when assessing the performance and value for society of farming systems. Multicriteria assessment of agricultural systems is characterized by the existence of many criteria often conflicting among then, many stakeholders and decision-makers with competing interests, and lack of information. Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is a multicriteria methodology that allows dealing with these problems, in a relatively easy, flexible and economical manner, and therefore it is a potentially useful tool in this field, although its application with...

A Watershed-Based Economic Model of Alternative Management Practices in Southern Agricultural Systems

Palavras-chave: Organic farming; Integrated farming; Olive-growing systems; AHP; Multicriteria analysis.; Crop Production/Industries; Q50; Q57; Q51; Q56; C6.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25417

Paudel, Krishna P.; Hite, Diane; Intarapapong, Walaiporn; Susanto, Dwi.

We investigated the environmental impacts of alternative cultural practices within a watershed under different water quality standards. We used experimental data on nutrient runoff to determine the optimal amount of broiler litter application in hay production in Louisiana. To compensate for the lack of experimental data, we used biophysical simulation models to find the optimal combination of agricultural best-management practices in a watershed in Mississippi. The results indicated that stricter environmental standards lower total profit potential and litter utilization.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Broiler litter; Cropping systems; Optimization; Watershed level modeling; Water quality; C6; Q1; Q25; D21.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43213

Abatement Cost Uncertainty and Policy Instrument Selection under a Stringent Climate Policy. A Dynamic Analysis

Bosetti, Valentina; Golub, Alexander; Markandya, Anil; Massetti, Emanuele; Tavoni, Massimo.

This paper investigates the relative economic and environmental outcomes of price versus quantity mechanisms to control GHG emissions when abatement costs are uncertain. In particular, we evaluate the impacts on policy costs, CO2 emissions and energy R&D for a stringent mitigation target of 550 ppmv CO2 equivalent (i.e. 450 for CO2 only) concentrations. The analysis is performed in an optimal growth framework via Monte Carlo simulations of the integrated assessment model WITCH (World Induced Technical Change Hybrid). Results indicate that the price instrument stochastically dominates the quantity instrument when a stringent stabilization policy is in place.

Aggregation and Calibration of Agricultural Sector Models Through Crop Mix Restrictions and Marginal Profit Adjustments

Palavras-chave: Abatement Costs; Climate Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; H2; C6; Q5.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6383

Wiborg, Torben; McCarl, Bruce A.; Rasmussen, Svend; Schneider, Uwe A..

All agricultural sector models must deal with aggregation and calibration somehow. The aggregation problem involves treating a group of producers as if they all responded in the same way as a single representative unit. The calibration problem concerns making a model reproduce as closely as possible an empirically observed set of decision maker actions. This paper shows how both calibration and aggregation are addressed through crop mix restrictions combined with marginal profit adjust-ments.

AGGREGATION ISSUES IN THE ESTIMATION OF MALMQUIST PRODUCTIVITY MEASURES

Palavras-chave: Mathematical programming; Aggregation; Calibration; Crop mix; Marginal cost; Agricultural sector model; Agribusiness; C6; C61; Q1; Q11; Q17; Q18; R12; R13; R14.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24567

Shaik, Saleem.

The paper contributes by demonstrating the sensitivity of nonparametric programming productivity measures to the choice of model –time series versus panel models of Malmquist productivity, and to various levels of commodity aggregation compared to the traditional Tornqvist-Theil index approach employing U.S. state-level data from 1960-96. To illustrate the sensitive of nonparametric programming productivity measures, we compare the implicit shadow shares recovered from the dual values of the Malmquist productivity and total factor productivity methods to the observed shares of the Tornqvist-Theil index for U.S level data from 1948-1994.

An ex-ante analysis of distributional effects of the CAP on western German farm incomes

Palavras-chave: Tornqvist-Theil Index; Time series; And Panel models; Malmquist productivity and Malmquist total factor productivity programming; Share-weights.; Productivity Analysis; O3; C6; Q1.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46553

Deppermann, Andre; Grethe, Harald; Offermann, Frank.

This study is concerned with measuring impacts of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) on farm income distribution of western Germany. Not only the sheer contribution of market price support and direct payments as a proportion of income is taken into account, but also the impact of support on production incentives. For this purpose, we apply a modelling system consisting of a partial equilibrium model and a programming model. Based on a comparison of Gini coefficients and a decomposition of overall inequality effects we conclude that liberalization of the agricultural sector leads to a more unequal distribution of family farm income in relative terms, whereas a liberalized market provides a more equal situation in absolute terms.

Análisis económico de la “bio-carbonización” como práctica de manejo agrícola

Palavras-chave: Income distribution; CAP; Farm Group Model; Equilibrium Model; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q11; Q12; Q18; C54; C6; D31.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99428

Ramirez, Juan Andres; Rosales Alvarez, Ramon.

Las altas concentraciones de gases de efecto invernadero, específicamente CO2, han sido señaladas como la principal causa del cambio climático. La adopción de prácticas agrícolas capaces de incrementar el contenido de carbono en el suelo, ha sido propuesta como una estrategia de bajo costo y disponibilidad inmediata para enfrentar este fenómeno. La Bio-carbonización es una de estas prácticas agrícolas, la cual implica la aplicación de carbón vegetal al suelo, de modo que el carbono queda capturado en una forma altamente recalcitrante al tiempo que se mejora la calidad del suelo. Este artículo es el primero en evaluar la viabilidad financiera y considerar algunos de los efectos económicos de la práctica, estimados para una finca tipo en la altillanura...

Applying Optimization to the Conservation Project Selection Process: A Case Study of Readiness and Environmental Protection Initiative

Palavras-chave: Agricultura sostenible; Altillanura colombiana; Análisis costobeneficio; Programación lineal; Secuestro de carbono; Servicios ambientales.; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; C6; D60; O30; Q10; Q24; Q50.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60734

Liu, Zhuo; Messer, Kent D.; Korch, Mary A.; Bounds, Thomas.

This study presents a thorough discussion of the efficiency and effectiveness improvement from optimization models (Binary Linear Programming and Goal Programming), as applied to the Department of Defense’s Readiness and Environmental Protection Initiative. The OM models can yield 21% and 19.1% higher benefit scores respectively, spending $13,013,473 and $31,463,473 less total acquisition costs. To achieve the same level of conservation benefits for the current rank based approach, the REPI would spend additional $20.1 million and approximate 50% of the budget. A counterpart of OM- the cost-effective analysis is observed to be inefficient when the problem becomes complex. In a real world of political environment of the conservation programs, we suggest a...

Calibration of an Agricultural Sector Model for the Region Khorezm (Uzbekistan) based on Survey Data

Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; C6; Q24.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103997

Mueller, Marc; Djanibekov, Nodir.

The paper describes the approach used for the calibration of a price-endogenous programming model, developed for the agricultural sector of the region Khorezm in Uzbekistan. Extensive datasets from farm surveys were used to parameterize the model, which nevertheless tended to over-specialization and failed in general to replicate the observed levels of primal model variables. Calibration of the model with “Positive Mathematical Programming” approaches was not satisfying as the additional cost terms introduced to replicate the observed situation were in many cases not plausible and deviated substantially from any available information on cost structure of the agricultural production activities in the study region. After revising the survey data it became...

CAP Reforms and Total Factor Productivity Growth in Belgian Agriculture: A Malmquist Index Approach

Palavras-chave: Supply model calibration; Positive mathematical programming; Technology coefficient estimation; Agricultural and Food Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C6; C8; Q1.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50354

Coelli, Tim J.; Perelman, Sergio; Van Lierde, Dirk.

Have the 1992 and 2000 CAP reforms had any discernable effect upon agricultural productivity? In this study we derive detailed information on the total factor productivity (TFP) growth of arable farms in Belgium over a 16-year period from 1987 to 2002. Calculations are based on a carefully constructed high-quality detailed farm-level data set containing 1728 observations, involving over 100 farms in most years. Three output variables (cereals, other crops, other outputs) and four input variables (land, labour, capital and other inputs) are constructed, using multilateral Fisher index numbers where crop aggregation is required. The TFP measures are calculated using a Malmquist TFP index relative to a series of data envelopment analysis (DEA) frontiers....

Controlling Ozone and Fine Particulates: Cost Benefit Analysis with Meteorological Variability

Palavras-chave: CAP reforms; Belgian agriculture; Total factor productivity; Malmquist index; Shadow shares; Agricultural and Food Policy; Productivity Analysis; C6; D2; O4; Q1.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25472

Shih, Jhih-Shyang; Bergin, Michelle S.; Krupnick, Alan J.; Russell, Armistead G..

In this paper, we develop an integrated cost-benefit analysis framework for ozone and fine particulate control, accounting for variability and uncertainty. The framework includes air quality simulation, sensitivity analysis, stochastic multi-objective air quality management, and stochastic cost-benefit analysis. This paper has two major contributions. The first is the development of stochastic source-receptor (S-R) coefficient matrices for ozone and fine particulate matter using an advanced air quality simulation model (URM-1ATM) and an efficient sensitivity algorithm (DDM-3D). The second is a demonstration of this framework for alternative ozone and PM2.5 reduction policies. Alternative objectives of the stochastic air quality management model include...

EX ANTE NON-MARKET VALUATION FOR NOVEL PRODUCT: LITERATURE REVIEW

Palavras-chave: Ambient air; Ozone; Particulate matter; Risk management; Public policy; Cost-benefit analysis; Variability and uncertainty; Stochastic simulation; Stochastic multi-objective programming; Decision-making; National Ambient Air Quality Standards; Environmental Economics and Policy; C6; Q2; Q25; Q28.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10735

Dofonsou, Sika Gbegbelegbe; Lowenberg-DeBoer, James.

This paper provides a critical review of the literature on non-market valuation methods to estimate the welfare impact of novel products; it is the first study to assess both observed data- and perception-based methods as non-market valuation methods. Observed databased methods include budgets, regression, mathematical programming, and simulation. Perceptions-based methods include the contingent valuation method, choice-based conjoint analysis and experimental methods. Findings imply that the preferred observed data-based method to estimate the ex ante economic impact of a new technology on the welfare of the farm household is a combination of simulation and mathematical programming. The preferred perception-based method for estimating the ex ante impact...

Exploring Environmental-Economic Benefits from Agri-Industrial Diversification in the Sugar Industry: An Integrated Land Use and Value Chain Approach

Palavras-chave: Staff working papers; Dept. of Agricultural Economics; Internet publications; Purdue University; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; B0; B4; C0; C6; R2.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6327

Roebeling, Peter C.; Smith, D. Mark; van Grieken, Martijn.

The sugar industry in Queensland (Australia) is confronted with increasing economic pressure and environmental constraints. To explore whether agri-industrial diversification of the sugar industry provides a sustainable development pathway for the region, we develop a spatial environmental-economic approach that integrates a land use and value chain model with a hydrological model. Results indicate that agri-industrial diversification can lead to substantial increases in regional income, while at the same time increasing the resilience of a sugar industry facing decreasing sugar prices. Agri-industrial diversification drives land use diversification, which under current sugar prices does not lead to a reduction in sugarcane production. Water quality...

Financing Agri-Environmental Programs in Poland: The Importance of Regional Preferences

Palavras-chave: Spatial economics; Environmental economics; Value chains; Agri-industries; Water quality; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; C6; O18; Q13; Q53.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25755

Ziolkowska, Jadwiga; Kirschke, Dieter.

The main objective of the paper is to study the importance of regional preferences in financing agri-environmental programs. The analysis is based on results of a case study conducted in South-eastern Poland. As environmental protection in agriculture is complex and often considered in political strategies, it is worth analyzing the differences in perception of the respective environmental objectives from a regional perspective. Taking into account natural conditions and the economic situation in agriculture in the voivodship Podkarpackie, the question is, how regional objectives could be achieved effectively with a given budget. Using linear programming, we discuss in this paper, how regional preferences would guide budget allocation.

Food Quality Standards in Equilibrium Models: A Discussion of Current Modeling Approaches

Palavras-chave: Agri-environmental programs; Environmental objectives; Linear programming; Budget allocation; Poland; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q14; Q57; C6.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25658

Nolte, Stephan; Rau, Marie-Luise.

Throughout recent year food quality standards have become a ubiquitous phenomenon that nationally and globally influences agri-food markets. With equilibrium models commonly used in the quantitative analysis of market and trade effects, we review possible approaches to modeling standards existent in the literature, elaborate the reasoning behind them and discuss their suitability to reflect "real world" situations. While the modeling approaches identified may respectively depict a specific situation, they may not be appropriate in others. That is they capture certain effects of standards only. With increasing ability to account for the various effects of standards, the modeling approaches become more complex and the data requirements increase.

Forecasting World Crop Yields as Probability Distributions

Palavras-chave: Food quality; Standards; Modeling approaches; Equilibrium models; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; F1; C6; Q18.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25653

Ferris, John N..

Traditionally, agricultural forecasts, whether for the coming year or several years into the future, have been based on assumptions of normal weather and trend crop yields. That weather is seldom normal and that yields seldom fit trends are well recognized. However, relatively little attention has been given to projecting crop yields stochastically even though computer capacity and software programs are available to do so. One reason is that the task is more challenging than to assign standard deviations to various crop yields and simulate normal distributions using random number generators. For one, deviations of crop yields from trends may be correlated especially if the locations of the crops overlap such as is the case with US corn and soybeans. To...

Generating Global Crop Distribution Maps: From Census to Grid

Palavras-chave: Crop yields Crop yield correlations; Stochastic forecasting Econometric modeling; Non-normal crop yield distribution Risk assessment; Crop Production/Industries; C6; Q11.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25649

You, Liangzhi; Wood, Stanley; Wood-Sichra, Ulrike.

In order to evaluate food security, technology potential and the environmental impacts of production in a strategic and regional context, it is critical to have reliable information on the spatial distribution and coincidence of people, agricultural production, and environmental services. This paper proposes a spatial allocation model for generating highly disaggregated, crop-specific production data by a triangulation of any and all relevant background and partial information. This includes national or sub-national crop production statistics, satellite data on land cover, maps of irrigated areas, biophysical crop suitability assessments, population density, secondary data on irrigation and rainfed production systems, cropping intensity, and crop prices....

How Smart Should Farms Be Modeled? Behavioral Foundation of Bidding Strategies in Agent-Based Land Market Models

Palavras-chave: Global; Cross entropy; Satellite image; Spatial allocation; Agricultural production; Crop suitability; Crop Production/Industries; C6; Q15; Q24.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25737

Kellermann, Konrad; Balmann, Alfons.

Land markets play a crucial role in agricultural structural change. Because the dynamics of structural change and land markets, respectively, mainly depend on the interactions between individual farms, agent-based modeling (ABM) has been established as a tool for understanding and explaining structural change and land market dynamics. This is particularly so because of ABM's ability to capture heterogeneity, non-convexity and dynamics. Unfortunately, the behavioral foundation of economic actors in ABM, i.e., of the farms, is often specified as ad hoc or simply based on "expert knowledge". In this contribution, the highly-detailed ABM AgriPoliS - which uses a myopic normative behavioral foundation - is coupled with a genetic algorithm (GA) to detect market...